As the primary male sex hormone, testosterone plays many important roles in a man’s growth and development from fetal stage to old age. It helps in the following bodily processes and functions:
Libido
Testosterone helps in regulating libido or sex drive. If there are low testosterone levels in a man’s body, there may be a loss of desire for sex.
Bone and muscle development
Testosterone is key to the growth and development of bones and muscles that are strong and capable of performing their functions. If there is a lack of testosterone, bone and muscle loss and other disorders may arise.
Sperm production
Testosterone is crucial to the production of enough good quality sperm. If a man has low testosterone, there is a risk of low sperm count and poor sperm morphology and motility.
Fat distribution
Testosterone facilitates the proper distribution of body fat. If there is a shortage of testosterone in the body, maintaining a healthy weight may become difficult and the risk of weight gain and obesity increases.
Body hair growth
Testosterone helps in the growth of body hair, such as facial hair and pubic hair. If testosterone levels are low, hair loss or thinning may occur.
Deepening of the voice
Testosterone helps in the deepening of the voice that boys experience once they hit puberty.
Increase in height
Testosterone aids in growing taller. If there is a testosterone shortage, a boy may find himself shorter than his peers.
Red blood cell production
Testosterone is essential to produce new red blood cells for a healthy cardiovascular function. If testosterone is low, there is a risk of heart problems that may lead to erectile and sexual health problems.
Measuring Testosterone Levels
If you want to know your body’s testosterone levels, you should talk to a doctor about taking a testosterone level test. Using your blood sample, this testing method can determine what your testosterone levels are. The following are the steps involved in this procedure:
- A health worker will sanitize a small spot in your arm where a sample of your blood will be drawn.
- They will tie an elastic band around your upper arm to force blood into your vein, and then insert a needle into that vein to acquire the blood sample.
- They will untie the elastic band around your arm and remove the needle from your arm.
- They will apply pressure onto the spot on your arm and cover it with a bandage to prevent or minimize any bleeding or bruising.
- Your blood sample will be sent to the laboratory for examination.
Normal Testosterone Levels in Men
The normal testosterone levels in men differ per age group. According to medical professionals, testosterone levels that meet the following criteria are considered normal:
- Free testosterone levels that fall between 9 nanograms per deciliter and 30 nanograms per deciliter
- Total testosterone levels that fall between 240 nanograms per deciliter and 950 nanograms per deciliter
Having free testosterone levels that are below 9 nanograms per deciliter or total testosterone levels that are below 240 nanograms per deciliter make you have low testosterone levels, and having free testosterone levels that are above 30 nanograms per deciliter or total testosterone levels that are above 950 nanograms per deciliter make you have high testosterone.
Causes of High Testosterone in Men
Some men have testosterone levels that are higher than normal. This occurrence can be caused by a variety of things, such as:
Excessive use of anabolic steroid
Athletes and body builders who use too much anabolic steroids are prone to raising their testosterone to abnormally high levels. They rely on these substances to increase their physical abilities and build big muscles. If they start to consume more than the recommended amounts, the excess amounts of testosterone can collect inside their bodies and trigger plenty of negative side effects.
Abuse of testosterone supplements
Many people who have low testosterone are often prescribed by their doctors to take testosterone supplements to raise their testosterone levels. However, if they attempt to increase the dosage to see result fast, they are putting themselves in danger of a variety of negative side effects that can profoundly lower their quality of life.
Tumors
The growth of a tumor on or around the testicles or adrenal glands may affect the proper functioning of these organs. Usually, it triggers a rise in testosterone production, resulting to abnormally high testosterone levels in the body.
Symptoms of High Testosterone in Men
High testosterone levels in men can trigger several signs and symptoms, including:
- Early puberty
Boys with high testosterone levels may enter puberty earlier than other boys his age.
- Oily skin
High testosterone may cause oily skin, and also more acne and other skin problems.
- High sex drive
Men with high testosterone levels may experience a boost in their sex drive or libido.
- High blood pressure
High levels of testosterone in the body may trigger an increase in blood pressure levels, which may increase risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications.
- Aggressive behavior
Some studies have found that abnormally high testosterone levels may behavioral changes, such as aggression, recklessness, irritability, and anger.
Treatment for High Testosterone
Getting your testosterone levels back down to normal is crucial if you have high testosterone.
If your high testosterone problem is caused by abuse of anabolic steroids or testosterone supplements, your doctor may tell you to stop taking them. After a number of months, your testosterone levels should be back to normal levels and the symptoms should disappear.
If your high testosterone problem is caused by other factors, your doctor may prescribe you some anti-androgen medication or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone drugs, which help reduce testosterone in the body.
At the earliest opportunity, you should consult your doctor to find the best way to treat the problem. If not addressed right away, high testosterone can cause more serious and long-term damage that can negatively impact not only your sexual health but also your overall health.
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